Share:


Integrated approaches to sustainable urban development: the synergy between landscape architecture and civil engineering

Abstract

This research study addresses the developing synergy between landscape architecture and civil engineering in the context of sustainable urban development. The study intends to analyze how these multidisciplinary professions might collectively handle urban difficulties while assuring long-term environmental, social, and economic sustainability. Using the PRISMA technique, the study thoroughly reviewed secondary data from the Scopus database, identifying 23 relevant publications published between 2015 and 2024. The study outlines major integration techniques, obstacles, and emerging trends that impact the cooperation between various disciplines. The results emphasize major impediments to successful multidisciplinary collaboration, including policy fragmentation, inadequate cross-disciplinary education, and technology adaption issues. Additionally, the research underlines the significance of merging theoretical frameworks and practical case studies to increase the knowledge of integrated urban development techniques. By offering a comprehensive examination of the literature, this study adds to a greater knowledge of interdisciplinary urban planning solutions and gives significant insights for policymakers, academics, and practitioners working toward resilient and adaptable urban environments.


Article in English.


Integruotas požiūris į darnią miestų plėtrą: kraštovaizdžio architektūros ir statybos inžinerijos sinergija


Santrauka


Šiame tyrime nagrinėjama besivystanti kraštovaizdžio architektūros ir statybos inžinerijos sinergija darnios miestų plėtros kontekste. Tyrimu siekiama išanalizuoti, kaip šios daugiadisciplinės profesijos galėtų kartu spręsti miesto urbanistinius iššūkius, kartu užtikrindamos ilgalaikį aplinkos, socialinį ir ekonominį tvarumą. Taikant PRISMA metodą, tyrime išsamiai peržiūrėti antriniai duomenys iš Scopus duomenų bazės, nustatyti 23 susiję leidiniai, paskelbti 2015–2024 m. Tyrime nurodomi pagrindiniai integracijos būdai, kliūtys ir naujos tendencijos, darančios įtaką įvairių disciplinų benradarbiavimui. Rezultatuose pabrėžiamos pagrindinės sėkmingo tarpdisciplininio bendradarbiavimo kliūtys, įskaitant politikos fragmentiškumą, netinkamą tarpdisciplininį švietimą ir technologijų pritaikymo problemas. Be to, tyrime pabrėžiama teorinių pagrindų ir praktinių atvejų tyrimų sujungimo svarba siekiant pagilinti žinias apie integruotos miestų plėtros metodus. Pateikiant išsamią literatūros analizę, šis tyrimas prisideda prie gilesnių žinių apie tarpdisciplininius miestų planavimo sprendimus ir suteikia svarbių įžvalgų politikos formuotojams, mokslininkams ir praktikams, siekiantiems atsparios ir pritaikomos miestų aplinkos.


Reikšminiai žodžiai: tvarumas, miestų planavimas, kraštovaizdžio architektūra, civilinė inžinerija.

Keyword : sustainability, urban development, landscape architecture, civil engineering

How to Cite
Wimalasena, S., Weerakoon, T. G., & Wimalasena, J. (2025). Integrated approaches to sustainable urban development: the synergy between landscape architecture and civil engineering. Mokslas – Lietuvos Ateitis / Science – Future of Lithuania, 17. https://doi.org/10.3846/mla.2025.22836
Published in Issue
Apr 7, 2025
Abstract Views
58
PDF Downloads
30
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

References

Aktan, A. E., Brownjohn, J. M. W., Moon, F. L., Sjoblom, K. J., Bartoli, I., & Karaman, S. G. (2021). Civil engineer for urban livability, sustainability and resilience. Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure, 7(5), 480–491. https://doi.org/10.1080/23789689.2021.1937776

Alifariki, L. O., Susanty, S., Sukurni, S., & Siagian, H. J. (2022). Analisis Bibliometrik Penelitian Pengobatan Herbal Penderita Hipertensi di Indonesia Menggunakan VOS-Viewer. Jurnal Keperawatan Silampari, 5(2), 764–771. https://doi.org/10.31539/jks.v5i2.3448

Alipour, D., & Dia, H. (2023). A systematic review of the role of land use, transport, and energy-environment integration in shaping sustainable cities. Sustainability, 15(8), Article 6447. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15086447

Ananiadou-Tzimopoulou, M., & Bourlidou, A. (2017). Urban Landscape architecture in the reshaping of the contemporary cityscape. IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering, 245, Article 042050. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/245/4/042050

Anastasovski, A. (2022). What is needed for transformation of industrial parks into potential positive energy industrial parks? A review. Energy Policy, 173, Article 113400. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2022.113400

Andrisano, O., Bartolini, I., Bellavista, P., Boeri, A., Bononi, L., Borghetti, A., Brath, A., Corazza, G. E., Corradi, A., De Miranda, S., Fava, F., Foschini, L., Leoni, G., Longo, D., Milano, M., Napolitano, F., Nucci, C. A., Pasolini, G., Patella, M., . . . Vigo, D. (2018). The need of multidisciplinary approaches and engineering tools for the development and implementation of the smart city paradigm. Proceedings of the IEEE, 106(4), 738–760. https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2018.2812836

Ashinze, N. U. K., Edeigba, N. B. A., Umoh, N. a. A., Biu, N. P. W., & Daraojimba, N. a. I. (2024). Urban green infrastructure and its role in sustainable cities: A comprehensive review. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 21(2), 928–936. https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.21.2.0519

Ayer, S. K., Messner, J. I., & Anumba, C. J. (2016). Augmented reality gaming in sustainable design education. Journal of Architectural Engineering, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)ae.1943-5568.0000195

Barakat, P. N. (2020). Urban landscape potential toto sustain architectural development, case-study: Moharam-Pasha Compound, Alexandria, Egypt. JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences, 48(2), 317–327. https://doi.org/10.21608/jesaun.2020.135260

Barsocchi, P., Bartoli, G., Betti, M., Girardi, M., Mammolito, S., Pellegrini, D., & Zini, G. (2020). Wireless sensor networks for continuous structural health monitoring of historic masonry towers. International Journal of Architectural Heritage, 15(1), 22–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/15583058.2020.1719229

Berglund, E. Z., Monroe, J. G., Ahmed, I., Noghabaei, M., Do, J., Pesantez, J. E., Fasaee, M. a. K., Bardaka, E., Han, K., Proestos, G. T., & Levis, J. (2020). Smart infrastructure: A vision for the role of the civil engineering profession in smart cities. Journal of Infrastructure Systems, 26(2). https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)is.1943-555x.0000549

Bertalanffy, L. V. (1968). General system theory: Foundations, development, applications. George Braziller.

Bibri, S. E., Krogstie, J., & Kärrholm, M. (2020). Compact city planning and development: Emerging practices and strategies for achieving the goals of sustainability. Developments in the Built Environment, 4, Article 100021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dibe.2020.100021

Bittencourt, J. C. N., Costa, D. G., Portugal, P., & Vasques, F. (2024). A survey on adaptive smart urban systems. IEEE Access, 12, 102826–102850. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3433381

Bixler, R. P., Belaire, J. A., Faust, K. M., Scoggins, M., & González, A. (2022). Exploring the connection between transdisciplinary co-production and urban sustainability solutions: A case study at an urban stream management symposium. Urban Ecosystems, 25(4), 1207–1216. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-022-01226-7

Broere, W. (2015). Urban underground space: Solving the problems of today’s cities. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 55, 245–248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2015.11.012

Butt, A. N., & Dimitrijević, B. (2022). Multidisciplinary and transdisciplinary collaboration in Nature-Based design of sustainable architecture and urbanism. Sustainability, 14(16), Article 10339. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141610339

Calheiros, C. S. C., & Stefanakis, A. I. (2021). Green roofs towards circular and resilient cities. Circular Economy and Sustainability, 1(1), 395–411. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43615-021-00033-0

Callcut, M., Agliozzo, J. C., Varga, L., & McMillan, L. (2021). Digital twins in civil infrastructure systems. Sustainability, 13(20), Article 11549. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132011549

Calvagna, S. (2020). Landscape sustainability of architecture in Fernando Menis’s work: A sensitive design rooted in volcanic nature. Sustainability, 12(20), Article 8711. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12208711

Campagna, M., Di Cesare, E. A., & Cocco, C. (2020). Integrating green-infrastructures design in strategic spatial planning with geodesign. Sustainability, 12(5), Article 1820. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12051820

Carden, K., & Fell, J. (2021). A community of practice approach to planning water sensitive cities in South Africa. Urban Planning, 6(4), 110–121. https://doi.org/10.17645/up.v6i4.4575

Chesley, B., Matonti, C. L., Sonty, S. S., Gutowska, M., & Romano, M. (Eds.). (2023). A conceptual framework for climate change mitigation actions employing in-space geoengineering. In 74th International Astronautical Congress 2023. https://iafastro.directory/iac/paper/id/79038/summary/

Chu, E., Anguelovski, I., & Roberts, D. (2016). Climate adaptation as strategic urbanism: Assessing opportunities and uncertainties for equity and inclusive development in cities. Cities, 60, 378–387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2016.10.016

Codemo, A., Ghislanzoni, M., Prados, M., & Albatici, R. (2024). Incorporating public perception of Renewable Energy Landscapes in local spatial planning tools: A case study in Mediterranean countries. Applied Geography, 170, Article 103358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2024.103358

Como, A., Cuomo, A., & Perrotta, L. S. (2023). An integrated approach to sub-surface water pathways for the sustainable development of the architectural landscape of agro-urban areas. Sustainability, 15(12), Article 9208. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15129208

Coombes, M. A., & Viles, H. A. (2021). Integrating nature-based solutions and the conservation of urban built heritage: Challenges, opportunities, and prospects. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 63, Article 127192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2021.127192

Danilova, S. B., & Kurik, A. V. (2023). Sustainable ecology of the metropolis and a local green frame involving beneficial insects on the example of St. Petersburg. BIO Web of Conferences, 63, Article 07008. https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20236307008

Deng, M., Menassa, C. C., & Kamat, V. R. (2021). From BIM to digital twins: A systematic review of the evolution of intelligent building representations in the AEC-FM industry. Journal of Information Technology in Construction, 26, 58–83. https://doi.org/10.36680/j.itcon.2021.005

Dmitruk, M., & Stachańska, M. (2024). Methods of revitalisation of former mining areas as exemplified by architectural objects worldwide and own studies. Budownictwo i Architektura, 23(1), 13–32. https://doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.4412

European Commission. (2007). The Leipzig charter on sustainable European Cities. https://territorialagenda.eu/wp-content/uploads/leipzig_charter_2007.pdf

Ferko, E., Bucaioni, A., & Behnam, M. (2022). Architecting digital twins. IEEE Access, 10, 50335–50350. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3172964

Floyd, J., Iaquinto, B. L., Ison, R. L., & Collins, K. (2014). Managing complexity in Australian urban water governance: Transitioning Sydney to a water sensitive city. Futures, 61, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2014.04.002

Fokaides, P., Jurelionis, A., & Spudys, P. (2022). Boosting Research for a Smart and Carbon Neutral Built Environment with Digital Twins (SmartWins). In 2022 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2) (pp. 1–4), Pafos, Cyprus. https://doi.org/10.1109/isc255366.2022.9922513

González, J. J. C., D’Acunto, P., Bertagna, F., & Cardozo, S. L. (2021). F.E.W. structural prototypes: Retrofitting residential buildings with ecological rooftop infrastructures. In Fib Symposium Proceedings (pp. 201–208), Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.35789/fib.proc.0055.2021.cdsymp.p025

Hack, N., Dörfler, K., Walzer, A. N., Wangler, T., Mata-Falcón, J., Kumar, N., Buchli, J., Kaufmann, W., Flatt, R. J., Gramazio, F., & Kohler, M. (2020). Structural stay-in-place formwork for robotic in situ fabrication of non-standard concrete structures: A real scale architectural demonstrator. Automation in Construction, 115, Article 103197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2020.103197

Hamamcıoğlu-Turan, M., Aktaş, E., & Toköz, Ö. D. (2024). Art and construction related qualities of 14th‒15th century monuments in a rural landscape on the western coast of Türkiye. Frontiers of Architectural Research, 13(4), 712–728. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foar.2024.02.013

Hooimeijer, F., Bricker, J., Pel, A., Brand, A., Van De Ven, F., & Askarinejad, A. (2022). Multi- and interdisciplinary design of urban infrastructure development. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Urban Design and Planning, 175(4), 153–168. https://doi.org/10.1680/jurdp.21.00019

Huang, B., Lei, J., Ren, F., Chen, Y., Zhao, Q., Li, S., & Lin, Y. (2021). Contribution and obstacle analysis of applying BIM in promoting green buildings. Journal of Cleaner Production, 278, Article 123946. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123946

Ivanov, M. (2020). Opportunities for building ecological urbanism through socio-economic cohesion, development of mobility and improvement of infrastructure in the border municipalities between the republic of Bulgaria and the republic of Serbia: Chimera or reality. International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM, 20, 587–594. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2020/6.1/s27.076

Jin, R., Yang, T., Piroozfar, P., Kang, B., Wanatowski, D., Hancock, C. M., & Tang, L. (2018). Project-based pedagogy in interdisciplinary building design adopting BIM. Engineering Construction & Architectural Management, 25(10), 1376–1397. https://doi.org/10.1108/ecam-07-2017-0119

Jun, J. (2023). Towards Sustainable urban Riverfront redevelopment: Adaptability as a design strategy for the Hangang Riverfront in Seoul. Sustainability, 15(12), Article 9207. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15129207

Kazancoglu, Y., Berberoglu, Y., Lafci, C., Generalov, O., Solohub, D., & Koval, V. (2023). Environmental sustainability implications and economic prosperity of integrated renewable solutions in urban development. Energies, 16(24), Article 8120. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16248120

Khalid, B., Urbański, M., Kowalska-Sudyka, M., Wysłocka, E., & Piontek, B. (2021). Evaluating consumers’ adoption of renewable energy. Energies, 14(21), Article 7138. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14217138

Kim, S., & Heo, J. (2016). Development of 3D underground cadastral data model in Korea: Based on land administration domain model. Land Use Policy, 60, 123–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2016.10.020

Landis, D. A. (2016). Designing agricultural landscapes for biodiversity-based ecosystem services. Basic and Applied Ecology, 18, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2016.07.005

Liao, B., Anuar, A. N. A. B., Li, X., & Zhou, H. (2023a). Role of landscape architecture in urban sustainability: A systematic review. Urban Studies, 60(2), 234–256.

Liao, B., Anuar, A. N. a. B., Li, X., & Zhou, H. (2023b). Study on the synergy between ecological landscape planning and architectural design in green building practice. Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences, 9(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.2478/amns.2023.2.00919

Lievens, A., & Moons, I. (2022). A systemic approach of communication in multiple stakeholder settings: Challenges and future research directions from a multidisciplinary perspective. International Journal of Advertising, 42(1), 201–226. https://doi.org/10.1080/02650487.2022.2150953

Malmborg, K., Enfors-Kautsky, E., Schultz, L., & Norström, A. V. (2022). Embracing complexity in landscape management: Learning and impacts of a participatory resilience assessment. Ecosystems and People, 18(1), 241–257. https://doi.org/10.1080/26395916.2022.2061596

Maltseva, I. N., Kaganovich, N. N., & Lorentz, T. A. (2018). The integrating of architecture and nature into environmental objects in mountainous terrain. IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering, 365, Article 022048. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/365/2/022048

Marabout, L. O., & Anton, A. (2019). Wind tunnel experiment for pedestrian wind comfort in Sun Valley Campus. IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering, 603(5), Article 052072. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/603/5/052072

Marrero, M., Wojtasiewicz, M., Martínez-Rocamora, A., Solís-Guzmán, J., & Alba-Rodríguez, M. D. (2020). BIM-LCA integration for the environmental impact assessment of the urbanization process. Sustainability, 12(10), Article 4196. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12104196

Martinho, V. J. P. D. (2022). Bibliographic coupling links: Alternative approaches to carrying out systematic reviews about renewable and sustainable energy. Environments, 9(2), Article 28. https://doi.org/10.3390/environments9020028

Maxineasa, S. G., Taranu, N., Bejan, L., Isopescu, D., & Banu, O. M. (2015). Environmental impact of carbon fibre-reinforced polymer flexural strengthening solutions of reinforced concrete beams. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 20(10), 1343–1358. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-015-0940-5

Meerow, S., & Newell, J. P. (2019). Urban resilience for whom, what, when, where, and why? Urban Geography, 40(1), 30–54. https://doi.org/10.1080/02723638.2016.1206395

Mielby, S., & Henriksen, H. J. (2020). Hydrogeological studies integrating the climate, freshwater cycle, and catchment geography for the benefit of urban resilience and sustainability. Water, 12(12), Article 3324. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12123324

Nagendrababu, V., Pulikkotil, S. J., Sultan, O. S., Jayaraman, J., & Peters, O. A. (2018). Methodological and reporting quality of systematic reviews and meta-analyses in endodontics. Journal of Endodontics, 44(6), 903–913. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2018.02.013

Norenkov, S., & Krasheninnikova, E. (2020). The problem of urban design universals: Modeling and planning of ensemble spaces. E3S Web of Conferences, 164, Article 04004. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016404004

Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T., Mulrow, C. D., Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, J., Akl, E. A., Brennan, S., Chou, R., Glanville, J., Grimshaw, J., Hróbjartsson, A., Lalu, M. M., Li, T., Loder, E., Mayo‐Wilson, E., McDonald, S., . . . Moher, D. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. International Journal of Surgery, 88, Article 105906. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2021.105906

Palazzo, E., & Wang, S. (2022). Landscape design for flood adaptation from 20 years of constructed ecologies in China. Sustainability, 14(8), Article 4511. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14084511

Palumbo, E., Traverso, M., Antonini, E., & Boeri, A. (2019). Towards a sustainable district: A streamlined Life cycle assessment applied to an Italian urban district. IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science, 323(1), Article 012095. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/323/1/012095

Pang, J. (2020). Study on the integration of environmental art design and landscape architecture in Urban streets. In 2019 7th International Education, Economics, Social Science, Arts, Sports and Management Engineering Conference (pp. 852–855). https://doi.org/10.23977/ieesasm.2019.179

Perov, F., Eremeeva, A., & Shabiev, S. (2019). Achievements and challenges of contemporary energy-efficient architecture in Russia. E3S Web of Conferences, 91, Article 05025. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199105025

Rusan, I., Yatsenko, V., & Korotkov, Y. (2022). Integration ways of development of landscape architecture and engineering process. Urban Development and Spatial Planning, 80, 359–367. https://doi.org/10.32347/2076-815x.2022.80.359-367

Salameh, M. M., Touqan, B. A., Awad, J., & Salameh, M. M. (2021). Heritage conservation as a bridge to sustainability assessing thermal performance and the preservation of identity through heritage conservation in the Mediterranean city of Nablus. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 13(2), Article 101553. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2021.07.007

Samant, S., & Brears, R. (2017). Urban waterfront revivals of the future. In Advances in 21st century human settlements (pp. 331–356). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4113-6_15

Sargentis, G., Dimitriadis, P., Ioannidis, R., Iliopoulou, T., & Koutsoyiannis, D. (2019). Stochastic evaluation of landscapes transformed by renewable energy installations and civil works. Energies, 12(14), Article 2817. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12142817

Sayyadi, R., & Awasthi, A. (2016). A simulation-based optimisation approach for identifying key determinants for sustainable transportation planning. International Journal of Systems Science Operations & Logistics, 5(2), 161–174. https://doi.org/10.1080/23302674.2016.1244301

Shau, H., Liu, T., Chen, P., & Chou, N. N. S. (2019). Sustainability practices for the SUHUA highway improvement project in Taiwan. International Journal of Civil Engineering, 17(10), 1631–1641. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40999-019-00415-4

Shin, Y., Kim, S., Lee, S., & An, K. (2020). Identifying the planning priorities for green infrastructure within urban environments using analytic hierarchy process. Sustainability, 12(13), Article 5468. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12135468

Thani, S. K. S. O., Mohamad, N. H. N., & Idilfitri, S. (2012). Modification of urban temperature in hot-humid climate through landscape architecture approach: A review. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 68, 439–450. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.12.240

Torrisi, V., Ignaccolo, M., & Inturri, G. (2018). Toward a sustainable mobility through. A dynamic real-time traffic monitoring, estimation and forecasting system: The RE.S.E.T. project. In Town and infrastructure planning for safety and urban quality (pp. 241–247). CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781351173360-32

Umeokafor, N., Windapo, A. O., Manu, P., Diugwu, I., & Haroglu, H. (2022). Critical barriers to prevention through design in construction in Developing Countries: a qualitative inquiry. Engineering Construction & Architectural Management, 30(7), 3014–3042. https://doi.org/10.1108/ecam-04-2021-0304

UN-Habitat. (2016). The new urban agenda. https://unhabitat.org/sites/default/files/2020/12/nua_handbook_14dec2020_2.pdf

United Nations. (2015). Transforming our world: The 2030 agenda for sustainable development. https://sdgs.un.org/2030agenda

Urech, P. R., Dissegna, M. A., Girot, C., & Grêt-Regamey, A. (2020). Point cloud modeling as a bridge between landscape architecture and planning. Landscape and Urban Planning, 203, Article 103903. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2020.103903

Valeri, P., Guaita, P., Baur, R., Ruiz, M. F., Fernández‐Ordóñez, D., & Muttoni, A. (2020). Textile reinforced concrete for sustainable structures: Future perspectives and application to a prototype pavilion. Structural Concrete, 21(6), 2251–2267. https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.201900511

Van De Meene, S., Bettini, Y., & Head, B. W. (2020). Transitioning toward sustainable cities—challenges of collaboration and integration. Sustainability, 12(11), Article 4509. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12114509

Vijayan, D. S., Sivasuriyan, A., Patchamuthu, P., & Jayaseelan, R. (2021). Thermal performance of energy-efficient buildings for sustainable development. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(34), 51130–51142. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17602-3

Wamsler, C., Wickenberg, B., Hanson, H., Olsson, J. A., Stålhammar, S., Björn, H., Falck, H., Gerell, D., Oskarsson, T., Simonsson, E., Torffvit, F., & Zelmerlow, F. (2019). Environmental and climate policy integration: Targeted strategies for overcoming barriers to nature-based solutions and climate change adaptation. Journal of Cleaner Production, 247, Article 119154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119154

Wang, H., Pan, Y., & Luo, X. (2019). Integration of BIM and GIS in sustainable built environment: A review and bibliometric analysis. Automation in Construction, 103, 41–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2019.03.005

Wang, J., Yu, C. W., & Cao, S. (2022). Planning for sustainable and ecological urban environment: Current trends and future developments. Indoor and Built Environment, 32(4), 627–631. https://doi.org/10.1177/1420326x221135758

Wang, Y., Zhou, F., & Wen, H. (2023). Does environmental decentralization promote renewable energy development? A local government competition perspective. Sustainability, 15(14), Article 10829. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151410829

Xia, S., Liu, B., & Wang, H. (2022). Construction of a sustainability-based building attribute conservation assessment model in historic areas. Buildings, 12(9), Article 1346. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12091346

Xing, K., & Xia, Y. (2024). Modern architectural landscape planning and design based on environmental sensors and 3D point cloud processing. Measurement Sensors, 33, Article 101217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measen.2024.101217

Yakubov, H. (2018). Green building in Moscow: Problems and contradictions. MATEC Web of Conferences, 193, Article 04010. https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819304010

Yang, B., Lv, Z., & Wang, F. (2022). Digital twins for intelligent green buildings. Buildings, 12(6), Article 856. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12060856

Yang, D., Luo, T., Lin, T., Qiu, Q., & Luo, Y. (2014). Combining aesthetic with ecological values for landscape sustainability. PLoS ONE, 9(7), Article e102437. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0102437

Yoffe, H., Raanan, N., Fried, S., Plaut, P., & Grobman, Y. J. (2024). Sustainable urban landscapes: A computation framework for enhancing sustainability in early-stage design. International Journal of Architectural Research Archnet-IJAR, 18(4), 870–894. https://doi.org/10.1108/arch-06-2023-0152

Zabalueva, T. R., & Zakharov, A. V. (2020). Building-Bridges and Building-Platforms as impact into Sustainable development of city architecture. IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science, 459(5), Article 052025. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/459/5/052025

Zandersen, M., Hyytiäinen, K., Meier, H. E. M., Tomczak, M. T., Bauer, B., Haapasaari, P. E., Olesen, J. E., Gustafsson, B. G., Refsgaard, J. C., Fridell, E., Pihlainen, S., Tissier, M. D. a. L., Kosenius, A., & Van Vuuren, D. P. (2019). Shared socio-economic pathways extended for the Baltic Sea: Exploring long-term environmental problems. Regional Environmental Change, 19(4), 1073–1086. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-018-1453-0

Zeng, X., Yu, Y., Yang, S., Lv, Y., & Sarker, M. N. I. (2022). Urban resilience for urban sustainability: Concepts, dimensions, and perspectives. Sustainability, 14(5), Article 2481. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14052481

Zhou, J. (2024). Synergizing architectural design, structural restoration, and civil engineering for sustainable urban development. SHS Web of Conferences, 192, Article 01014. https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202419201014